This study is an endeavor to shed light on some relevant linguistic aspects of politeness which reveal the importance of politeness in social interaction. At a more specific level, this current study is dedicated to reveal the most relevant concepts in the study of linguistic politeness, and also the fields to which the theories of politenessare related to. It also discusses the most frequent and favorite politeness forms. Also, it throws light on relevant approaches that reflect significant aspects related to politeness.Many studies have focused on the role of politeness in social interaction and conversation

As a kind of linguistic study, the study of presupposition in drama is one of captivating topic to explore, because of the capability of this topic to make people perceive the presupposition differently.Presupposition is one of the most important concepts in linguistics. It refers to the implicit inferences made in communication between people. These inferences are necessary to understand the utterances correctly.

The aim of this research is to construct an integrated knowledge framework for the basic research subject of thinking systems through the study of the most important scientific proposals on these subjects in administrative thought. and framing the knowledge directed within it in a serious attempt to provide appropriate answers to the questions of the intellectual and field dilemma of research Through the diagnosis of the nature of the relationship between components and elements and how to activate them

The aim of the research is to identify the impact of Strategic information systems in organizational performance,as Strategic information systems and organizational performance represent two cognitive areas that have been the focus of many studies, Center of the Ministry of Planning and Development Cooperation of Iraq was selected as a study site and the analytical descriptive research method was used, also a questionnaire was adopted as a main tool in the collection of in depth data and information

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of table banking on women development: a case of Joyful Women organization in Trans Nzoia county Kenya. It was premised on the following objectives: To determine the influence of access to credit on women development in joyful women organisation Trans Nzoia County. The justification of this study was begged on the premise that there are limited studies locally to add to scientifically find out the influence of table banking on women’s development.

The study focused on the role of the Turkish Justice and Development Party in establishing the values of tolerance in Turkish society. This study is based on the assumption that the party has the ability to instill a culture of tolerance within the Turkish society on the regional and international levels, Because of his flexibility in presenting his ideas that did not contradict or clash with the values of secularism, and contributed to those ideas of the advancement of Turkish reality, and push its foreign policy to play regional and international roles.

This work is an examination of how characteristics of Board of Directors affect real activity manipulation of Nigerianlisted Conglomerate firms for eleven years period (2006-2016). The study employed multiple regressions as a method of data analysis obtained from listed Nigerian conglomerate firms annual reports and accounts using residuals of Roychowdhury (2006) to determine Real Activities Manipulation. Board of Directors characteristics were used as the independent variables of the study where Real activity Manipulation (RAM) was used as dependent.

Human resource development practice is the major way that organizations attempt to maintain the competency levels of their human resources and to increase their performance. Therefore, this research sought to determine effect of human resource development on organizational performance in Kacheliba North Pokot Sub-County. The study was guided by the following research objective; to evaluate the effect of health on organizational performance in Kacheliba North Pokot Sub-County.

The aim of this research is to identify the ambiguity of the role of the deans of the governmental colleges according to the Six Sigma standard from the point of view of the heads of the scientific departments. As well as to identify the effectiveness of the organization, then find the relationship between ambiguity of role and organizational effectiveness of the same sample,The researcher used the descriptive approach Correlative,The research community was the number of society (374) of the heads of departments in the public universities in the province of Baghdad

The study analyzed the effects of corporate culture on implementation of strategic plan at Kenya Power Company, Kisumu. The specific objectives were; to determine the effect of team orientation culture on effective implementation of strategic plan at Kenya Power Company, Kisumu. The study emphasized the effect of corporate culture on implementation of strategic plan. The company management will appreciate their role in ensuring that the strategic plans are effectively implemented so as to achieve and retain high levels of competitiveness more so in the service industry where the competition is ever increasing. The study was done at Kenya Power,

As Iraqi EFL students are reported by many studies to have poor reading comprehension abilities, an experiment is conducted to investigate the effect of SQ3R strategy (Survey – Question – Read – Recite – Review) in improving Iraqi students’ ability of reading comprehension. To achieve this, two groups of preparatory school students are randomly selected and equalized in terms of several important variables. The experiment lasts for 15 weeks during which the experimental group is taught reading comprehension according to the SQ3R strategy while the control group is taught conventionally. A post – test is given at the end of the experiment to students in both groups to assess their reading comprehension.

This research aims to test "the level of strategic flexibility as an important variable and impact on the performance of the Ministry of Health The current research variable has addressed in the recent period an increasing interest as it is an important subject affecting the future of organizations and the result of the rapid environmental variables that have greatly affected the organizations. In order to explain the strategic flexibility levels, a set of objectives were formulated, including the disclosure of the type and nature of the strategic flexibility of the Ministry of Health

Quality Control Charts (control) are important methods to monitor and improve production lines and to detect the efficiency of the quality of products. The research seeks to apply control Charts in the Baghdad Company for soft drinks and aims to identify the reservoir of imbalance in the presence and treatment. Ship A and Miranda are among the products of Baghdad Soft Drinks Company.The quality control Charts (for averages and ranges) were applied to the selected products after processing the duplicates of the data. The results showed that the ship product is within the control limits. The results of the control Charts indicate that the product is not statistically controlled

Dell Hymesin 1964coined The Ethnography of Communication in an attempt to explain the ways in which people use the language to interact. It hypothesizes that ethnography is less applicable among participants who have the same sociocultural background. It was proven that all the basic speech components occur whenever there is an interactional situation. The elements of (SPEAKING) schema are closely connected. However

H.P. Grice (1975) introduces the term Cooperative Principle in an attempt to clarify the case in which one says something but means something else. By presenting this term, Grice distinguishes between ‘what is said’, and what is meant’. The present study aims at investigating Grice’s Theory of Conversational Implicature and how people sometimes say something but mean something else in different occasions and different contexts. In addition, the study tries to show whether or not, the different social background of the characters has an effect on the direction of the conversational implicatures. The study hypothesizes that Grice’s maxims of conversation are frequently breached by the characters according to their different social background and personal attitudes. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that the direction of the conversational implicatures goes in both directions as each interlocutor takes the turn of the speaker.

Hallidayan Transitivity system divides clauses into three basic elements: process, participant, and circumstance. The interpretationof clauses relies on the meaning of the elements. Hence, the clause depends,almost,on the processin construing the participants of each type of processes, yet the circumstance is not engaged directly in the process in the analysis. The present study examines Transitivity system in two selected short stories that have different styles. The analysis reveals that Transitivity system can efficiently construe literary texts, in which some verbless clauses and circumstances that function as participants, for example, which are vague, can be construed perfectly.

The flexibility of human resources has formed the intellectual basis upon which the current research has been based This research aims to test the flexibility of human resources as an important and influential variable in the companies affiliated to the Ministry of Housing, Construction and Public Municipalities, as well as to identify their levels and then try to come up with recommendations that contribute to adapting the human resources of the research organizations. , And the importance of organizations investigated for society, the method was adopted analytically in the completion of this research.

The target of this research is to determine the impact of civil society organizations in the governmental organizations decisions , the civil society organizations are selected a place in Baghdad to apply it and thAe research sample is heads , directors and Board of directors of those organizations . In addition to use a descriptive and analytical research method , A questionnaire is adopted as a main method in collecting data and main information which is distributed of a sample (100) members of those organizations and the researchers used correlation coefficient ( Spearman) , analysis regression for analysis the relationship and select hypotheses .

The research aims at revealing the awareness of users of social networks in Iraq with the values of digital citizenship and the extent to which these values are included in their uses. In order to achieve the objectives of the research and answer its questions, the researcher relied on a descriptive study that examines the status of individuals, beliefs, practices, trends and tendencies and describes them accurately. In order to achieve the objectives of the research and answer its questions

Cooperative Learning is based on using groups that are structured to encourage members to learn from their peers and also to assist the less proficient learners. Learners in such groups are trained to be aware of their responsibility to maximize their individual as well as their peers’ learning potential in social contexts. This paper tries to show the positive effects of Cooperative Learning on foreign language teaching, specifically concerning the acquisition of vocabulary. The study is restricted to second intermediate students in Al-Qahira High School for girls in Baghdad, Iraq, during the second term of the academic year 2018– 2019.

The current research tests the participation role in knowledge to achieve organizational superiority for sample of Ministry of Finance high leaders which consisted of (63) individual out of (75) individual , The analytical descriptive approach adopted in accomplishing this research. The Questionnaire form used as a tool to collect data in addition to meet and notice for obtaining necessary information .

The study aims to know the difference of slopes and their impact on the differences in the characteristics of the soil study in Dokan district which is located in the north western part of the province of Sulaymaniyah. Thus, their results are close. Thus, 20 samples of soil were obtained from different areas according to the degree of regression, simple slope, moderate slope, extreme regression, analysis of physical and chemical properties, and finding a heterogeneity in the properties of soil texture, colours, construction, real density, porosity, by degree of gradient. Keywords: Physical, characteristics, slopes, Dokan, district

The research aims to test the relation and effect of strategic flexibility as an independent variable in organizational creativity as a dependent variable in a number of educational hospitals affiliated to the Iraqi Ministry of Health in Baghdad governorate and within the Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa sectors. The data were collected from 102 respondents and the questionnaire was based on 39 articles and the analytical descriptive research method was used, The researcher used correlation coefficient (Spearman) and regression analysis for relationship analysis and hypothesis testing

This study aimed to examine familiarity and prevalence of cooperative writing in Ethiopian preparatory EFL instruction. To this end, it employed mixed methods design. The participants of the study were grade 11 and 12 students and their EFL teachers at Debre Markos and Burie Shikudad Preparatory schools in Ethiopia. Using stratified random sampling, 292 students and all EFL teachers in Ethiopia Debre Markos and Burie Shikudad Preparatory high schools were selected to the study. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview and observation,

Young Iraqi officers were influenced by the principles of the revolution of July 23, 1952 in Egypt, and a group of Iraqi officers tried to follow the same approach as the free officers in Egypt and their decisions, so they formed the organization of the free officers which confirms their impact on the Egyptian experience and that they are inspired by them.

Saud bin Abdul-Aziz, Franklin Roosevelt, Israel, Abdullah, Eisenhower Doctrine , Gamal Abdel Nasser, Suez Canal. The 20th century decade witnessed a clear beginning of the relations between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Hijaz and Najd and its dependencies.

The wild zone represents the activities, experiences, and feelings of women that historians or male writers do not touch on. A gynocriticframes a cultural model of female literary identity that is inclusive of the biological, linguistic, andpsychological situation of women in society.Following the perspective of Showalter’s gynocriticism, the main concentrate of the present study is on the internalized consciousness or the experiences of the hidden space of Lisa Soland’s heroines in her Ten-Minute plays

102 sites were selected to monitor the noise at the ( Rusafa ) side of Baghdad city for various activities and locations for several human uses. During three daily observations for one month and during January and July, the first represents winter and the second is summer. The city of Baghdad with high noise levels and above the limit for many human uses and other activities according to the standard of the Iraqi Ministry of Health and according to the global standard WHO

The study aims to evaluate quality costs of Administration and Economics College at Anbar University and show the impact of displacement of these costs from 2013 to 2017 Analytical style was used and adopted inductive and deductive approach in analyzing and extracting results , the study has showed reduce in prevention costs in 2014 by ( 8,7%) of previous year , which led to increase the internal failure costs to be (89,9%) of quality costs total ,

The review is an analysis of India-U.S. bilateral relations have formed into a worldwide key strategic partnership, in light of expanding union of interests on bilateral, territorial and worldwide issues. India and the United States share the prudence of being majority rules systems, yet this might be its very own greater number reward than a wellspring of standing companionship or valuable collaboration. India and the United States are both excessively defective,

The aim of the current research is to measure concept of urgency, to there with educational counselors, researcher prepared a measure based on the theory (Siders and Smith, 2008), which he defined in two areas, negative urgency and positive urgency, and was formulated (32) paragraph and quadrature, given when correction grades (4,3,2,1) The researcher investigated the validity of the standard and the validity of the scale of the scale by applying the scale to (400) individuals. As a result

The current research aims to show the impact of strategy Intelligence as an independence variable to manage crises as a related variable , it was depended on analytical descriptive approach in achieving the research , A deliberate intentional sample was selected consist of (98) person of higher leaderships and decision makers in endowment of ANBAR , a questionnaire was adopted as a main method in collecting data and personal interviews with research sample